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This chapter and the next are about two related things: why different programminglanguages are different and how a programming language is implemented. To make thediscussion concrete, I’ve chosen a specific language as an example: Pascal. That choiceseems appropriate partly because Pascal is very different from Logo and partly because itis widely used as a vehicle for teaching introductory computer science, the same task I’mattempting in this book using Logo.* For the purposes of this book I’ve written a program that translates a of Pascal into a simulated machine language. You can get a real Pascal compiler foryour computer that accepts the full language, and that’s what you should do if you wantto learn how to program in Pascal. I had two reasons for writing this subset compiler.One is that some readers may not otherwise have access to a Pascal compiler, and mine,despite its limitations, will enable you to explore the parts of the language I’m going tobe talking about. The other is that the next chapter is about how a compiler works, andthis compiler is accessible to examination because it’s written in Logo.